<p>Insuficienta cardiaca apare atunci cand muschiul inimii nu mai pompeaza cantitatea de sange necesara organismului. Insuficienta nu inseamna ca inima nu mai pompeaza sange, ci ca nu mai lucreaza asa cum ar trebui.</p>
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<p>Deoarece inima nu mai functioneaza in limite normale, organismul incearca sa-si suplineasca functia prin:<br />
&#8211; retinerea apei si sarii pentru a creste cantitatea de sange<br />
&#8211; cresterea frecventei cardiace (tahicardie)<br />
&#8211; cresterea dimensiunilor inimii.</p>
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<p>Cu timpul inima oboseste si incepe sa devina din ce in ce mai putin eficienta. In acest moment apar simptome ca oboseala si slabiciune. Sangele incepe sa stagneze in vasele care ajung la inima, cauzand acumularea de lichid la nivelul plamanilor si scurtarea respiratiei.<br />
Cauze</p>
<p>Insuficienta cardiaca este produsa de factori sau boli care afecteaza capacitatea de pompare a ventriculului stang (disfunctie sistolica) cum ar fi:<br />
&#8211; boli coronariene sau infarcte miocardice (cea mai comuna cauza)<br />
&#8211; hipertensiune arteriala slab controlata, diabet zaharat sau afectiuni tiroidiene</p>
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<p>&#8211; cardiomiopatia, cardiomiopatia alcoolica, infectia sau inflamatia muschiului inimii (miocarditele)<br />
&#8211; consumul cocainei sau a altor droguri ilegale<br />
&#8211; boli ale sacului ce inveleste inima (boli ale pericardului)<br />
&#8211; boli congenitale de cord</p><div class="amp-ad-wrapper amp_ad_1 ampforwp-incontent-custom-banner ampforwp-incontent-ad3"><amp-ad width="336" height="280" type="sulvo" data-ad="andreilaslau.ro_amp_display_336x280" class="demand-supply"></amp-ad></div><div class="amp-ad-wrapper amp_ad_1 ampforwp-incontent-custom-banner ampforwp-incontent-ad1"><amp-ad width="336" height="280" type="sulvo" data-ad="andreilaslau.ro_amp_display_336x280" class="demand-supply"></amp-ad></div><div class="b03d97280e765d707d336f444dd9d428" data-index="5" style="float: none; margin:0px 0 0px 0; text-align:center;">
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<p>&#8211; boli sau rupturi valvulare<br />
&#8211; boli ale inimii ce determina o frecventa cardiaca prea mare, prea mica sau neregulata (aritmii)<br />
&#8211; varsta: odata cu inaintarea in varsta muschiul inimii devine mai rigid, impiedicand inima sa se umple cu sange.<br />
Atunci cand ventriculul stang nu se mai poate umple normal, afectiunea poarta numele de insuficienta cardiaca diastolica. Aceasta poate fi cauzata de hipertensiune arteriala, boli coronariene sau boli valvulare. Anumiti factori pot duce la inrautatirea brusca a insuficientei cardiace si uneori la patologie cu potential letal cum ar fi edemul pulmonar sau socul cardiogen</p>
<p>Simptome<br />
In stadiile incipiente ale insuficientei cardiace pot sa nu existe simptome. Respiratia efectuata cu efort si scurtata, cu aparitia oboselii, apare atunci cand inima este slabita si nu mai pompeaza suficient sange pentru a asigura organismului nutrientii si oxigenul necesar. Efortul organismului de a contracara insuficienta cardiaca duce la aparitia simptomelor care pot deveni severe.<br />
Simptome clasice ale insuficientei cardiace<br />
Respiratie scurtata si efectuata cu efort (dispnee). Caracteristici:<br />
&#8211; pacientul gafaie<br />
&#8211; oboseala la mers<br />
&#8211; necesitatea opririi dese in timpul mersului<br />
&#8211; constrictie toracica<br />
&#8211; scurtarea respiratiei<br />
&#8211; scurtarea respiratiei in timp ce pacientul sta intins (ortopnee)<br />
&#8211; scurtarea respiratiei in timpul somnului (dispnee paroxistica nocturna).<br />
Cresterea in greutate. Caracteristici:<br />
&#8211; crestere in greutate datorata acumularii de fluide in organism.<br />
Umflarea picioarelor (edeme). Caracteristici:<br />
&#8211; umflarea picioarelor se inrautateste la sfarsitul zilei sau dupa ce pacientul a stat mult timp in picioare<br />
&#8211; dureri<br />
&#8211; la presiune apare godeu la nivelul pielii<br />
&#8211; incaltamintea poate deveni neincapatoare.<br />
Citeste continuarea pe pagina urmatoare&#8211;>;</p>
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